India - Survey on Level of Living of Tribals: NSS 44th Round, Schedule 29.1, July 1988 - June 1989

Reference ID

DDI-IND-MOSPI-NSSO-44Rnd-Sch29dot1-1988-89

Year

Country

India

Producer(s)

National Sample Survey Office

Sponsor(s)

M/o Statistics & Programme Implementation, GOI - MOSPI -

Collection(s)

National Sample Survey

Metadata

Documentation in PDF

Created on

Mar 10, 2016

Last modified

Mar 31, 2016

Page views

330029

Overview

Identification

Country

India

Title

Survey on Level of Living of Tribals: NSS 44th Round, Schedule 29.1, July 1988 - June 1989

Study Type

Socio-Economic/Household Survey

Series Information

For the purpose of this enquiry, “tribal population” means the members of the Scheduled Tribes declared under the Article 342 of the Constitution of India. They are known to be the descendan6ts of the earliest inhabitants of our country (hence called Adivasis”). At present, in most parts of India, they form one of the economically weakest sections of the society. So far there has not been any systematic study of their living conditions covering the whole country. Whatever data are available are derived from the decennial censuses, apart from some micro studies carried out by social anthropologists. In the NSS the tribal population have always been covered as part of the general population. Separate tables have also been prepared for the scheduled tribe and schedules caste populations in some of these programmes of those rounds were drawn up with the general population in view and so far there had been no enquiry with its focus on the tribal population. In NSS 32nd and 33rd rounds special surveys had been carried out through an integrated schedule (schedule 16.4) in the North-Eastern region. The survey was conducted in the rural areas of the following States:- 32nd round : Arunachal Pradesh, Assam (N. Cachar and Karbi Anglong districts only), Manipur, Meghalaya and Tripura; 33rd round : In addition to the above States, Mizoram also. Even though this covered many aspects specially related to the life of the people of this region (who are mostly tribals), no such survey has so far been undertaken about the life of the tribals living in the main tribal belt stretching from West Bengal through Bihar, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh to Gujarat and Rajasthan.

ID Number

DDI-IND-MOSPI-NSSO-44Rnd-Sch29dot1-1988-89

Version

Version Description

Production Date

2012-10-05

Overview

Abstract

In pursuance of the recommendations made by the Governing Council (G.C.) of the National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO) in its 44th meeting held on 16 January 1987 to undertake a comprehensive survey on the socio-economic conditions of the tribal people in the 44th round (July 1988 - June 1989) of NSS, various schedules of enquiries on the subject were drawn up and tested in the field through a try-out survey. The schedules were discussed in details in the meetings of the Working Groups (W.G) set up by the G.C., NSSO for the NSS 44th round. In the light of the experiences gained through the try-out survey, the schedules of enquiry were finalized by the W.G. and subsequently approved by the G.C. of the NSSO in its 45th meeting held on 29 December 1987.

Schedules of investigation : In order to study the living conditions of tribals, it is, probably, imperative to know the environment in which the tribals live. Hence a village schedule (schedule type 3.1) was canvassed to collect information at village/hamlet level on the extent of availability of various facilities which have direct or indirect bearing on tribal life.

However, the major thrust in collecting information on living conditions of tribals will, obviously, be at the household level. There are various aspects of tribal life which need to be studied. From the point of view of analysis it would have, probably, been ideal to collect all the necessary information from the same set of sample households in an integrated manner. But as the factors are numerous, any attempt to accommodate all the items of information in a single schedule of enquiry will make the schedule unwieldy. It was, thus, decided to frame two schedules of enquiries for collecting information from the tribal households - one mainly on socio-economic aspects relating to the level of living of tribals (schedule type - 29.1) and the other on economic and enterprise aspects of the tribal households (schedule type 29.2).

Further, with a view to studying the problems of land alienation faced by the tribal population due to in-migration of non-tribals in the tribal areas and also to assess the differences in the socio-economic standard of living between the tribals and the non-tribals, a schedule of enquiry (schedule type 29.3) was designed for collecting information from the non-tribal households residing in the tribal areas.

In short, the following four schedules of enquiries have been framed for the tribal survey:

(i) Village schedule 3.1 : General information on village characteristics

(ii) Household schedule 29.1 : Level of living of tribals

(iii) Household schedule 29.2 :Economic activity of the tribals

(iv) Household schedule 29.3 : Particulars of migration and ownership of land by non-tribals.

Here in this study the focus is Household schedule 29.1: Level of living of tribals.The object of the enquiry on the living condition of the tribal population carried out in the present round was to throw light on as many aspects as possible of the tribal population of this country. They will relate to aspects of their “level of the living” including demographic and activity particulars, family expenditure etc. as well as to their entrepreneurial activities.

Kind of Data

Sample survey data [ssd]

Units of Analysis

Randomly selectedhousehold and its memebers

Scope

Notes

There are various aspects of tribal life on which information is required to study the living conditions of tribals. It has been stated earlier that all those aspects cannot be accommodated in one schedule of enquiry.

The household schedules 29.1 was canvassed in the scheduled tribe households. If different members of a household belong to different tribes, the tribe of the head of the household belong to different tribes, the tribe of the head of the household was considered as the tribe of the household. The schedules was canvassed in the special as well as in general samples belonging to all the rural and urban strata.

In schedule 29.1 demographic particulars, educational particulars with the emphasis on drop-outs and assistance received from various agencies including government, activity particulars and health care & morbidity particulars of each member of the household were collected. Data on economic activity of the members was collected in respect of both usual and current week status following the concepts adopted in the “Employment and Unemployment” survey conducted in 43rd round ( July 1987 - June 1988) of National Sample Survey (NSS). At the household level the survey covered information on consumer expenditure, purchase of selected commodities available though public distribution system or from open market and also the particulars of dwelling unit. Although attempts were made to collect information on the total household consumption of the tribal households by using the concepts adopted in the “Consumer Expenditure” survey on the NSS 43rd round, detailed item wise information was not collected due to the practical difficulties of data collection particularly from the tribal households.

Reference period : Different reference periods were used for different items of investigation. The reference period 'last day' will mean the day prior to the date of survey: 'last week' will mean the 30 days preceding the date of survey and 'last year' will indicate 365 days preceding the date of survey.

Keywords

Survey, Level of Living, Tribals, 44th Round, Schedule 29.1, July 1988 - June 1989

Coverage

Geographic Coverage

The survey covered the whole of Indian Union except Ladakh and Kargil districts of Jammu and Kashmir state. schedule 29.1 and 29.2 were not be canvassed in Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Chandigarh, Delhi and Pondicherry as there is no schedule tribe in those states as per the prescribed list.

Producers and Sponsors

Primary Investigator(s)

Name	Affiliation
National Sample Survey Office	M/o Statistcs and Programme Implementation(MOSPI),Government of India (GOI)

Other Producer(s)

Name	Affiliation	Role
Survey Design Reearch Division	National Sample Survey Office	Questionnaire Desgn, Sampling methodology,Survey Reports
Field Operations Division	National Sample Survey Office	Field Work
Data Processing Division	National Sample Survey Office	Data Processing
Computer Centre	M/o Statistcs and Programme Implementation(MOSPI),Government of India (GOI)	Data processing & Dissemination

Funding

Name	Abbreviation	Role
M/o Statistics & Programme Implementation, GOI	MOSPI

Other Acknowledgements

Name	Affiliation	Role
Governing council and Working Group	GOI	Finalisation of survey study and Questionnaire

Metadata Production

Metadata Produced By

Name	Abbreviation	Affiliation	Role
Computer Centre	MOSPI, CC	M	Documentation of the study

Date of Metadata Production

2012-10-05

DDI Document Version

Version 1.0 (Oct 2012)

DDI Document ID

DDI-IND-MOSPI-NSSO-44Rnd-Sch29dot1-1988-89